Summary Of Edward I, Arthurian Enthusiast - 1741 Words

Roger Sherman Loomis writes ‘Edward I, Arthurian Enthusiast’ in regards to Edward I and his personal interest in the rule of Arthur; centuries before. Both rulers of England, conquers and warrior kings, their rules run a similar path, yet as stated by Loomis, it was Edward who took inspiration from Arthur. Ultimately, the thesis of this article by Loomis is whether Edward’s status as an ‘Arthurian enthusiast’ is historically viable. The author explores this debate by analysing Edward’s interest in Arthurian Romance, the concept of a round table and the presence of knights in the realm – all very grandeur and significantly visible aspects of his reign from 1239 – 1307. Upon opening this piece of work Loomis references Sir Maurice Powick,†¦show more content†¦One of the key talking points in Loomis’ work is Edwards’s study of these Arthurian romances – the first of which is from â€Å"Italian romancer Rusticiano da Pisa.† Edward travelled to Italy in the 1270’s multiple times, and as declared by Loomis, may have been in contact with the author of this romance. The appeal of the romance was prevalent across Europe, yet Edward saw the appeal to implement this fantasy into his rule; further contributing to Loomis’ claim of Edward being an Arthurian enthusiast. Another contributing factor to Loomis’ argument is the opening of Arthur and Guenevere’s tomb in Glastonbury in 1578. This act by Edward and its motive cannot be truly distinguished; though it was certainly influenced by his desire to learn more about Arthur – this desire sparked by Edward’s love for the romances. The romanticised world of Arthur was also evident within the court of Edward. Upon defeat of the Welsh and after 1279, round tables and the presence of knights were seen as the norm within Edward’s rule. Whether it be for â€Å"Arthurs prestige for political or dynastic ends† round tables were a regular occurrence, as they previously were in the rule of Arthur. Knights attended these grand occasions for â€Å"choreis et hastiludiis,† as stated by Loomis; translating to ‘dance and tournaments,’ both of which are used to portray Edward’s wealth, increase his prestige, and helped create his realm, influence d by the romanticised times of Arthur. Ultimately this

Accounting Free Essays

A company is considering the following alternatives: Alternative Alternative 2 Revenues $120,000 $120,000 Variable Costs S 60,000 $60,000 Fixed costs $35,000 $35,000 Which of the following are relevant in choosing between the alternatives? 2. ) Adler Company manufactures a product with the following costs: unit Variable Cost $50 Unit Fixed Cost $24 Total Cost per unit $74 The company normally sells 10,000 units at a price of $88 each. Adler has a one-time opportunity to sell an additional 3,000 units at $70 each in a foreign market, which would not affect its present sales. We will write a custom essay sample on Accounting or any similar topic only for you Order Now If the company has sufficient capacity to produce the additional units, acceptance of the special order would affect net income as follows: 3. ) If a company must expand capacity to accept a special order, it is likely that there will be 4. ) May company produces 1,000 units of a necessary component with the following costs: Direct Materials $48,000 Direct Labor $32,000 Variable overhead $8,000 axed overhead $14,000 May Company could avoid $6,000 in fixed overhead costs if it acquires the components externally. If cost minimization is the major consideration and he company would prefer to buy the components, what is the maximum external purchase price that May Company would accept to acquire at 1 ,OOH units externally? 5. ) A company has a process that results in 500 drums of Chemical L that can be sold for $300 per drum. An alternative would be to process Chemical L further at a cost of $25,000 and then sell it for $380 per drum. Should management sell Chemical L now or should Chemical L be processed further and then sold? What is the effect of the action? 6. The focus of a sell or process further decision 7. A company is considering replacing old equipment with new equipment. Which of the following is a relevant cost for incremental analysis? 8. ) A company has several product lines, one of which reflect the following results: Sales $400,000 variable costs $275,000 Contribution Margin $1 25,000 axed expenses$200,ooh Net loss -$75,000 If this product line is eliminated, 80% of the fixed ex penses can be eliminated and the other 20% will be allocated to other product lines. If management decides to eliminate this product line, the company’s net income will 9. Using compound interest, if you deposit $1 ,OOH each year in an account paying 7% interest, approximately how much will have in that account in five years? 10. ) A company is considering an investment, which will return lump savings of $150,000 four years from now. If they require a 10% return, what is the most they should pay for in the investment? 1 1 The internal rate of return is the interest rate that causes 12. ) A company is considering investing in a project, which will cost $1 75,000, and last for 5 years. Annual net income will be $45,000 and annual cash flow ill be $50,000. What is the payback period from†¦? 13. ) If a project has equal annual cash flows, its cash payback period is computed by dividing the cost of the capital investment by the 14. ) Paschal Company is considering the acquisition of new equipment at a cost of $1 , 700,000. The company’s accountants have provided the following additional information about the project for your analysis: Annual net income $360, 000 Net annual cash flow $390,000 Estimated useful life 7 years If the company has established a required rate f return of 1 1 what is the approximate net present value of the equipment acquisition? 5. ) Your analysis of a project under consideration by Davenport Company reveals the following expected performance over it expected three year useful life: Net Income Cash Flow Year 1 year 2 Year 3 535,000 $40,000 $45,000 $50,000 555,000 $60,000 This project has a cost of $110,000 and Davenport has established a discount (hurdle) rate of 9%. What is the approximate net presen t value of the project? 16. ) Complete the statement: Intangible benefits in capital budgeting 17. ) You are evaluating the financial characteristics: Project A Project B Net present value $50,000 exclusive projects which have the following $75,000 Initial investment $200,000 $400,000 project life 4 years 4 years Which project will be accepted? 18. ) Hinges Hardware is evaluating a new retail location and its accountants have prepared some information for your review. Their analysis has established that the new location will costs S 1 , 500,000 and generate net present value of $100,000 using a discount rate of 10%. What is the profitability index for this project? 19. ) Roan, Inc. S analyzing the acquisition of new equipment, which will cost 50,000. Accountants have determined that this equipment will have a five- year useful lifer and in each year generate net income of $1 2,800 and operating cash flow of $14,200. The company requires a 10% return on invested capital. What is the approximate AIR of this equipment acquisition? 20. ) In most cases, prices are set by the 21 Which of the following is not considered a limitation of co st-plus pricing? 22. ) Downing company produces a high-resolution computer monitor. The following information is available for this product: Fixed cost per unit $50 Variable cost per unit $150 Total cost per unit $200 Downing expects to sell 10,000 units per year. The company has decided to price its monitors to earn a 14% return on its investment of $8,000,000 What is the target-selling price per monitor? 23. ) Assuming the selling division has available capacity, a negotiated transfer price should be a maximum of 24. ) The Burnett Company’s Crystal Division normally sells its product for $24 per unit. How to cite Accounting, Papers Accounting Free Essays Require: Choose the best answer for these questions as below: (40 marks) 1. Which of the following costs would be classified as a period cost? a) Direct labor. b) Direct materials. We will write a custom essay sample on Accounting or any similar topic only for you Order Now c) Factory overhead. d) Selling expenses. 2. Costs that rise and fall proportionately with the volume of output are often referred to as: a) variable costs. b) flexible costs. c) idle capacity costs. d) uncontrollable costs. 3. If Company A has a higher proportion of fixed costs relative to variable costs than Company B: a) Company A has a higher break-even point than Company B. b) Company A is more sensitive to changes in sales than Company B. ) Company A has greater risk compared to Company B. d) All of the above are true. 4. The margin of safety ratio is: Page 1 /3 a) higher for a company with lower operating leverage. b) lower for a company with lower operating leverage. c) is not affected by operating leverage. d) is increased by a greater proportion of variable to fixed costs. 5. If unit sales are $12, variable costs are $7. 20 per unit and fixed costs are $24,000 what is the contribution ratio per unit? a) 50% b) 60% c) 40% d) 70% 6. A cost that has already been incurred and cannot be changed is called a(an): a) opportunity cost. ) sunk cost. c) joint cost. d) out of Pocket cost. 7. The human resources department of a large company would be considered: a) a cost center. b) a profit center. c) an investment center. d) a revenue center. 8. The primary difference between profit centers and cost centers is that: a) profit centers generate revenue. b) cost centers incur costs. c) profit centers are evaluated using return on investment criteria. d) profit centers provide services to other centers in the organization. ANSWER 1. †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.. 5 . †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ 2. †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.. 6 . †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ 3. †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.. 7 . †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ 4. †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.. 8 . †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. II. The Gong Company produces and sells three types of jigsaws, variable speed (A), single speed (B) and variable speed with auto-scrolling (C). Budgeted data is given below: Sales Mix as a Proportion Product Sales Price Variable cost Per Unit of Total Sales Dollars A B C $30 20 40 $15 12 30 Budgeted total fixed costs are $700,000. Page 2 /3 10% 50% 40% Required: (40 marks) 1) Calculate the break-even point in sales dollars for each product based on the budgeted sales mix. 2) Determine the sales dollars of each product needed to generate a budgeted after tax profit of $245,000, assume a 30 % tax rate. ) Determine the sales dollars of each product needed to generate a 14. 5% budgeted return on sales dollars after taxes, a ssume a 30% tax rate. 4) Assuming total sale revenues are $2,500,000; calculate the operating leverage of the Gong Company. Give your idea about this operating leverage. If sales revenue increases by 10%, how will operating profit c hange? III. Henson Company produces go lf discs which it normally sells to retailers for $7 each. The cost of manufacturing 20,000 golf discs is: Materials $10,000 Labor 24,000 Variable overhead 20,000 Fixed overhead 50,000 Total $104,000 Henson also incurs 5% sales commission ($0. 35) on each disc sold. Wood Corporation offers Henson $4. 75 per disc for 4,000 discs. Wood would sell the discs under its own brand name in foreign markets not yet served by Henson. If Henson accepts the offer, its fixed overhead will increase from $50,000 to $55,000 due to the purchase of a new imprinting machine. No sales commission will result from the special order. Required: (20 marks) 1) Prepare a differential a nalysis for the special order. 2) Should Henson accept the special order? Why or why not? The end Page 3 /3 How to cite Accounting, Essay examples Accounting Free Essays

Case & Study Elements Of Effectual Communication

Question: Discuss about thre Elements of Effectual Communication. Answer: Introduction According to Gluyas (2015, p. 50), communication simply means the transfer of information from one person to another. Communication can either be oral or written. Verbal communication is always conducted through face to face interactions between the sender and receiver. It can also be done through mobile phones and video calls. Written communication can be done through letters, emails, print media and journals. Effective communication, on the other hand, is communication that is clearly delivered, received and understood, (Jadhav Gupta, 2014, p. 82). When the receivers perception of the meaning of information he/she receives is as intended by the sender, then the communication is said to be effective. In a communication process, there must be a sender, the message, the medium of communication, the receiver and feedback. Some of the elements of effective communication in the healthcare industry are as discussed below. Key elements of effective communication An essential element of effective communication, especially in the healthcare industry is the sender. Healthcare providers must be responsible for effective relaying of information no matter the situation at hand, (Weller et al., 2014, p. 151). This is because the meaning of the information as received may impact significantly on the life of the patient. For example, a deaf mother who is expectant and needs to deliver. The gynecologist must have the right skills to communicate with the mother so as to understand her health condition. In this respect, a sign language specialist must be contacted if the doctor is unable to understand sign language. This is another primary element of effective communication. The communicator must use the right language that is understood by all other employees or clients, (Welch, 2011, p. 340). In the health sector, the language barrier is a major setback to effective communication. Sometimes, healthcare providers meet patients who are not native English speakers, (Matsumoto, 2011, p. 99). Such patients may speak English as a second or foreign language. In this respect, the doctors or nurses must understand the patients conditions to interact with them effectively, (Matsumoto, 2011, p. 99). Remember the doctors need to know the health problems experienced by the patients, make prescriptions and administer treatment. If the physician is unable to communicate successfully with the patient, then he/she may give a wrong order. Doctors should, therefore, be trained on language skills so as to operate smoothly in hospitals. Training may also make the healthcare providers be accurate in their language and avoid speaking or writing confusing information. The environment is a critical aspect of effective communication. The communicator should minimize destructions, (Shane et al., 2012, p. 1229). Disruptions may include noise, grapevine, negative emotions, and inappropriate language skills on the part of the sender or the receiver, (Gluyas, 2015, p. 53). Destructions can also arise from the channel of communication. For example, during phone calls, network breakdowns may occur making communication ineffective, letters may also be unreadable to the receiver due to bad handwriting or undesirable fonts. In the health sector, the healthcare providers must put themselves into the shoes of the patients. They must understand that some patients are in pain and may not be able to utter words correctly, (Shane et al., 2012, p. 1230). This calls for training of doctors on the psychology of patients and effective communication skills. Sometimes a patient is not able to speak English. The doctor would not also charge the patient for additional serv ices such as interpretation. It is, therefore, the work of the doctor to find interpreters and other additional aids that may be requested by the patient. Proper preparation and presentation. Additionally, Proper preparation and presentation is also a crucial requirement for effective communication. The communicator can prepare dynamic visual displays, structured instructions, and handbooks, (Jadhav Gupta, 2014, p. 82). Notice boards can also be used to relay important instructions as a way of communication. In the health sector, use of signs is vital in giving directions to patients, (Welch, 2011, p. 340). This is because some patients are first-time visitors and may not know the hospital. They need to be shown the direction of the laboratory, pharmacy or wards. It is, therefore, important to use effective visual displays and signs to direct the patients. Signs must be perceivable, distinguishable, unambiguous and understandable. Cultural understanding. The last characteristic of effective communication is cultural understanding. An excellent communication must be able to correctly interpret and react to situations that may bring misunderstanding as a result of cultural differences, (Squire, 2007). Cultural training should, therefore, be offered to employees to develop ways of predicting and solving any miscommunications, (Squire, 2007). In the health sector, cultural understanding is essential in effectively communicating with patients. The patients hail from different cultural backgrounds, with different beliefs, values, and norms, (Gluyas, 2015, p. 56). The physician should be aware of these beliefs so as to find creative ways of obtaining information from the patients. As a way of achieving efficiency of information, doctors should collect information from the patients themselves and not from third parties or relatives. Conclusion In conclusion, effective communication is crucial in ensuring successful transmission of information from the sender through signs, symbols, speech signals or electronic means to the recipient. The sender, language, environment and understanding of cultures are some of the essential elements of effective communication. In the healthcare industry, these factors are critical in enabling effective communication between healthcare providers and the patients, and fellow workmates. References Gluyas, H., 2015. Effective communication and Teamwork Promotes Patient Safety. Nursing Standard, 29(49), pp.50-57. Jadhav, T. Gupta, S.K., 2014. Global Communication Skills and Its Relationship with Emotional Intelligence. American Journal of Management, 14(4), p.82. Matsumoto, Y., 2011. Successful ELF Communications and Implications for ELT: Sequential Analysis of ELF Pronunciation Negotiation Strategies. The Modern Language Journal, 95(1), pp.97-114. Shane, H.C., Laubscher, E.H., Schlosser, R.W., Flynn, S., Sorce, J.F. Abramson, J., 2012. Applying technology to Visually Support Language and Communication in Individuals with Autism Spectrum Disorders. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 42(6), pp.1228-1235. Squire, D., 2007. Effective Communication. International Maritime Human Element, 14 May, Issue 14, pp. 1-8. Welch, M., 2011. The Evolution of the Employee Engagement Concept: Communication Implications. Corporate Communications: An International Journal, 16(4), pp.328-346. Weller, J., Boyd, M. Cumin, D., 2014. Teams, Tribes and Patient Safety: Overcoming Barriers to Effective Teamwork in Healthcare. Postgraduate Medical Journal, 90(1061), pp.149-154.

Why is recess being eliminated from some of our public schools

Most states are currently in the process of eliminating recess from their normal school programs. Different educational boards have cited a number of reasons for this action. These range from the fact that recess exposes children to unregulated play to the lack of enough time to learn.Advertising We will write a custom critical writing sample on Why is recess being eliminated from some of our public schools? specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More There are also issues pertaining to the freedom of children during recess, which gives them the opportunity to bully each other and engage in negative social activities such as teasing. Some of the stakeholders have identified that children have to be molded through learning where a teacher provides structured guidance in all aspects of their lives (Johnson, Christie and Wardle 367). This means that the freedom to participate in their own play activities freely may be discouraging a childâ€⠄¢s wholesome growth. The fact that teachers are aware of what is best for each child under their care means that they are in an elaborate position to provide helpful guidance during play. There have also been a number of legal liabilities that have seen school boards incurring huge losses as a result of legal suits where parents sue the school for injuries sustained during play. This debate seems to have overshadowed the benefits of free play as they are identified in the personal development of the child. Children are in a position to establish their own perceptions in as far as their environment and the people around them are concerned (Johnson, Christie and Wardle 383). This should be subject to some level of guidance to eliminate negative influences, but at the same time, it should not be dominated by adult preferences. The fact that recesses as well as other activities that a child engages in while at school are supposed to prepare him or her for the eventual adult life means that normal social settings should be encouraged. The elimination of recess defeats the purpose of a random learning environment as the guidance provided to children remains unpractical in their adult life because of the random challenges they face (Johnson, Christie and Wardle 378). Recess helps build an adaptive character where a child is able to cognitively perceive positive aspects out of every scenario without having to be forced by the teacher or guardian. The child has to learn to engage his or her creative abilities without having to rely on the teacher or guardian. The fact that children are at the top of the developmental ladder means that they are more likely to achieve mental, emotional and physical growth in the process of play. There are a number of aspects of growth especially in as far as physical and emotional growth is concerned, which occur naturally. The solving of social dilemmas is often advised by inherent knowledge developed through voluntary growth. This is often encouraged through the engagement in free play where there is no adult influence that imparts regenerated solutions, which can be easily forgotten.Advertising Looking for critical writing on education? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More The elimination of recess can be greatly attributed to the changing social structure as well as the changing perceptions among parents. The fact that parents perceive their children as being in a position to avoid all the negative influences that they had to deal with as children such as injuries and bullies means that they are the main proponents of guided play (Johnson, Christie and Wardle 385). Teachers are also more concerned over the opinions of parents rather than the general well-being of the children that entrusted unto them. Works Cited Johnson, James, Christie James, and Wardle Francis. Play, Development, and Early Education. Boston: Pearson Education, Inc. 2005. Print. This critical writing on Why is recess being eliminated from some of our public schools? was written and submitted by user Trace Jefferson to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

Why War Happens essays

Why War Happens essays Most wars result from a combination of causes. Three of the most common causes are conflicts over resources, clashing ideologies, and struggles over power. Conflicts over resources are the most basic and enduring causes of war. Resources include land, minerals, energy sources, and important geographical features. The world's first wars probably were fought over resources. Location and geography can provide great benefits to one community and not to another. Examples of conflicts over resources are numerous. In the Crimean War (1853-1856), the United Kingdom, France, and the Ottoman Empire fought against Russia for control of the area around the Black Sea. The Persian Gulf War (1991) resulted in large part from Iraq's attempt to seize control of Clashing ideologies can also lead to war. Ideologies are sets of ideas that define different communities. Religious teachings are often central to a society's ideology. Sometimes, these teachings are different from-or even openly hostile toward-those of neighboring communities. In these cases, religious wars can erupt. From 1096 to the late 1200's, for example, Christians from Europe waged war on Muslim rulers in Palestine as part of the series of military expeditions known as the Crusades. Ideological conflicts can also involve political concepts. An example of such a conflict was the Cold War between Communist and non-Communist nations in the latter half of the 1900's. The conflict between capitalist democracy and Communism fueled the tensions between the United States and the Soviet Union Struggles over power. Power involves the ability to control other people or to control the outcome of a situation. War often results when one country seeks to expand its power at the expense of others. In some cases, a decline in the strength of a powerful nation may prompt a war of opportunity, in which rival nations try to take adva ...

The Different Types of Money in an Economy

The Different Types of Money in an Economy While it is true that all money in an economy serves three functions, not all money is created equal. Commodity Money Commodity money is money that would have value even if it were not being used as money. (This is usually referred to as having intrinsic value.) Many people cite gold as an example of commodity money since they assert that gold has intrinsic value aside from its monetary properties. While this is true to some degree; gold does, in fact, have a number of uses, its worth noting that the most often-cited uses of gold are for making money and jewelry rather than for making non-ornamental items. Commodity-Backed Money Commodity-backed money is a slight variation on commodity money. While commodity money uses the commodity itself as currency directly, commodity-backed money is money that can be exchanged on demand for a specific commodity. The gold standard is a good example of the use of commodity-backed money- under the gold standard, people were not literally carrying around gold as cash and trading gold directly for goods and services, but the system worked such that currency holders could trade in their currency for a specified amount of gold. Fiat Money Fiat money is money that has no intrinsic value but that has value as money because a government decreed that it has value for that purpose. While somewhat counterintuitive, a monetary system using fiat money is certainly feasible and is, in fact, used by most countries today. Fiat money is possible because the three functions of money a medium of exchange, a unit of account, and a store of value are fulfilled as long as all people in a society acknowledge that the fiat money is a valid form of currency. Commodity-Backed Money vs. Fiat Money Much political discussion centers around the issue of commodity (or, more precisely, commodity-backed) money versus fiat money, but, in reality, the distinction between the two isnt quite as large as people seem to think, for two reasons. First, one objection to fiat money is the lack of intrinsic value, and opponents of fiat money often claim that a system using fiat money is inherently fragile because fiat money doesnt have a non-money value. While this is a valid concern, one must then wonder how a monetary system backed by gold is significantly different. Given that only a small fraction of the worlds gold supply is used for non-ornamental properties, isnt it the case that gold has value mostly because people believe it has value, much like fiat money? Second, opponents of fiat money claim that the ability for a government to print money without having to back it up with a specific commodity is potentially dangerous. This is also a valid concern to some degree, but one that is not entirely prevented by a commodity-backed money system, since its certainly possible for the government to harvest more of the commodity in order to generate more money or to revalue the currency by changing its trade-in value.

Visual Arts and Film Studies Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Visual Arts and Film Studies - Essay Example Neoclassical Art, on the other hand, is more inclined to the more political and unemotional aspects. Delacroix’s ‘Sea of Galilee’ and Watteau’s ‘The Storm’ in comparison are two different paintings in the language of art. One of the paintings is clearly a Romantic period piece of art work while the other one comes from the Neo-classical period of art. The differences are not so difficult to spot; even from a mile away. ‘The Storm’ by Watteau is of the Neo-classical age. On the other hand, ‘The Sea of Galilee’ is a romantic era work of art. There are a lot reasons and differences to back this argument up. Each of the paintings holds the characteristics within them that reveal the characteristics of the different styles of painting. Let us first consider the characteristics of neo-classicism and romanticism Neoclassicists had the belief that man is the supreme power above all else and that the center of though and truth rests with man. As Alexander Pope put it, â€Å"the proper study of mankind is man.† Neoclassicists always aimed to attain perfection. They strictly believed in order and reason, also in intellect, in the quest for perfection. Romanticism is the era that opposed them. Romanticism followed the neoclassicism era. Romantics directly opposed neoclassicism; they passionately believed that neoclassicism was not it and turned to nature’s guiding forces in their paintings. ... This began in the middle 1700’s. Much of this was attributed to the need to break from the playful and whimsical art of the Rococo period. Believers and followers of the neoclassicism wanted art to be what it had been in ages gone by; they wanted the traditional ways and splendor of art from ancient Rome and Greece. Neoclassicists had the feeling that, the periods of Enlightenment and the Rococo period, were not expressing people’s discomfort that came about as a result of the nobility lifestyle and the increasing demand for a democratic society. Neo classical Art contain classical themes; the subjects are usually placed in archaeological settings and the people are normally dressed in costumes from classical times. Neoclassicists also had Roman and Greek elements integrated in their paintings and portraits. The paintings had mythological fabled beings and creatures in them. Neoclassicism was also designed in order to, please senses, to teach morals, and lessons in mora ls. They were inclined towards historical paintings. On the other hand, romantic art have beginnings that can be traced back to the 18th and the 19th centuries. Romanticism was a rejection and change-over from neoclassicism and the neo classical period. It began as some form of intellectual movement by artists; they hoped to divulge from the traditional art values of neoclassical art. Romantic Art was characterized by subjectivism, individualism, nature and emotions. These are the values in which they believed in and had a passion for over intellect. Romantic Art and paintings mainly consist of the dramatic and bold works of art. They featured exoticism, nationalism, heroism, and individualism. Nature was supreme during this period. Most artists painted

Obesity literature review Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Obesity - Literature review Example The following databases were searched for literature for this review: Pubmed, Cochrane library, Wiley, Cinhal Randomized Controlled Trial (RCT), Ovid, NHS Evidence, World Health Organisation Website and Medline. Keywords searched were obesity, obese, risks, co-morbidities, surgery, bariatric, anaesthesia, perioperative, prevention and airway. Obesity Measurement and Definition Obesity can be measured using total body weight, body mass index, body fat composition, fat mass index, and fat free mass index, and is specifically defined as having a body mass index greater than 30 kg/m2(Zhang & Wang, n.p.; Hjartaker, Langseth & Weiderpass, p 72). Risk for co-morbidities seems to be better indicated by measures of fat distribution, such as height-weight comparison or waist circumference, than by total weight (Zhang & Wang, n.p.; Hadaegh et al., p 310). Body mass index is not as accurate at determining true levels of overweight and obese nor at estimating risk factors, but it is a faster meth od at screening a larger population (Zhang et al., p 244). Overweight and obese adolescents tend to have poorer overall health than their normal weight peers, but they do not report more health issues requiring medical care. Those that do have other health issues tend to be overweight or obese currently, rather than having a history of weight problems. Weight loss can therefore help reduce many of the of the health risks associated with childhood obesity (Wake et al., p 162). However, those adolescents who have co-morbid type II diabetes and obesity are also more likely to have higher arterial stiffness than their peers (Urbina et al., p 1692). This is a concern due to the fact that paediatric type II diabetes is quickly becoming a public health crisis (Dea, p 42). Also, obese children with asthma have a much higher rate of nighttime desaturation, or lack of oxygen. They were also more prone to snoring and other respiratory issues that could lead to hypoxia (Ross et al., p 877). The presence of overweight and obesity in young children seems to be primarily a result of their home environment, and is especially related to the parental attitude toward food and exercise (Weker, p 3). We can extrapolate that a patient's attitude toward food and health in childhood will have a profound effect on their weight as an adult. Many children with congenital or acquired heart disease become overweight or obese as a result of restrictions imposed on their activity level. Healthy levels of exercise and healthy life style choices are often forgotten in patient education, as the focus is often solely on preventing the worsening of the existing heart condition and fail to protect the young patient's overall health (Pinto et al., p 1157). The best method for preventing obesity is to change the eating habits of children before they become overweight or obese. This can be done by increasing the attractiveness of healthy lifestyle choices and healthy foods, especially in schools, wh ere most children spend the majority of their time away from home. Schools should offer and encourage sports and other after-school activities, and offer remedial physical education courses for any student in poor physical shape (Della Torre, Akre, & Suris, p 233). Co-morbidities Eighteen major co-morbidities have been identified that show statistically significant connections with obesity or overweight. The conditions and diseases

A Famous Metaphysical Poet Essay Example for Free

A Famous Metaphysical Poet Essay Andrew Marvell was a famous Metaphysical Poet. Marvell lived from 1621 to 1678 and made a few accomplishments, his poem has unique style and theme for his time, and his poem contains a deep analysis. He wrote several love poems; â€Å"To His Coy Mistress† was one of his most unusual poems for the time in history which he lived. Born on March 31, 1621, in Winestead-in-Holderness, Yorkshire, England Marvell was the son of an Anglican clergy man. He attended Hull Grammar school, and at the age of 12 began college at Cambridge University. He earned his bachelor’s degree in 1638, but it is believed that he stayed at Cambridge until 1641 for a master’s degree. Not much is known about Andrew Marvell’s life; though scholars do know in the 1650s he had a part in the English Government. In 1657 He was appointed Assistant Latin Secretary to the Council of the state; in 1659 he concentrated more on political satire and stopped writing poetry. During Marvell’s life time England’s government had some surprising changes. Monarchy and parliament worked together, but King James I did not have the skill to manage a country, but the government gained more issues when his son, Charles I succeeded him. King Charles I was overthrown and beheaded. England wanted to establish a new government, after doing so; Charles II was made King of England. Marvell died on August 16, 1678 due to a fever. â€Å"While he is not thought to be married, shortly after his death, a woman claiming to be his widow published a volume of his poetry† (Ruby 276). He was one of the chief wits and satirists, a Puritan, and a public defender of individual liberty during his time. Today he is just known for his poetry. (Margoliouth, Sackville-West, Hunt, Murray, Toliver, Legouis, Wallace, Friednreich, Donno. 1) In the 1600s Marvell’s poem â€Å"To His Coy Mistress† was seen as â€Å"obscene and obscure† because of his message in the poem, and the control the church had over the people. Marvell is considered to have been a carpe diem writer, and sometimes described as a metaphysical poet. Carpe diem means the writing style encourages a reader to â€Å"seize the day† because life is short; Metaphysical poets use many unique metaphors and were very appreciated for their originality. Jeffrey Karon states â€Å"To His Coy Mistress† may be one of Marvell’s most destructive poems. â€Å"Its strength is that having turned against itself in the expected manner of ironic poems, it then turns against its own internal objections† (Karon par. 39). In the poem, the speaker describes how he could worship his mistress forever; however part two the tone shifts to time rushing past and the mistress’s physical beauty being wasted away with it. The speaker wants to beat time and enjoy his mistress’s company. There are many different themes in â€Å"To His Coy Mistress† such as time, love, passion, seduction, beauty, and death. This poem is of forty-six lines, and three paragraphs dividing up the rhyming couplets. Marvell used personification, hyperboles, and very bizarre metaphors. The speaker is speaking to his mistress in a rhetorical situation. He passionately describes his love for her and there is not enough time to live to show her how beautiful she is, and how great his love is for her. He wants his love with his mistress to go further by getting intimate with each other, although she wants to save her virginity due to her religious views with the church. He informs her if their love is true and they are in love, they should further their relationship. The woman is said to be coy because she is taking too much time, and time doesn’t stop for anyone. â€Å"’To His Coy Mistress’ is a sublime example of a carpe diem poem, a Latin phrase meaning ‘seize the day’† (Adams par. 8). The first two lines of the poem the main theme, time, is introduced to the reader. It is basically saying life passes quickly and one should not waste their youth, that they should â€Å"seize the day. † The first paragraph of the poem the speaker describes how life is too short for them to waste time. He uses exotic metaphors such as, â€Å"vegetable love† to describe how long he could love his mistress. Beginning at line seven until line eighteen he uses hyperboles to describe the amount of years he could love her and devote to worship her. He describes her physical attractiveness and how long he could love every part of her body and of course her heart. In paragraph two the speaker goes from speaking of his love for his mistress to imagining her grave. He speaks of time as the driver in a chariot hurrying closer to them; he uses â€Å"hurrying† to the show the distress of the little time they have. A few lines down in this paragraph, he describes to his mistress her virginity will eventually over time mean nothing, and when she dies it will be an unusual and worthless treasure. In the first few lines of third and final paragraph the speaker describes his mistress as â€Å"morning dew† saying she is young and her skin a healthy glow just like the dew over the grass in the early morning. Another exotic metaphor he uses is â€Å"birds of prey. † He and his mistress are the birds, and they are preying on time. They want to eat and not be eaten. The speaker finally breaks through and wins his mistress over using the last few lines of the poem. He is saying to her they should take every part of themselves, the strong, the sweet, and the vulnerable, roll it up into a ball and come together as one to beat time. Since they cannot make the sun stay still they will race with him, the speaker using personification and making the sun seem like a person literally racing with him. Marvell was not acknowledged for his unique, but brilliant poems until after his death, he changed the meaning of Metaphysical Poet. Marvell made a few accomplishments, his poems usually had unique style and theme for his time, and his poem contains a deep analysis. This could be a perfect poem for someone interested in love poems with deep meaning.

The Language of Gender, Race, and Class Sustains Power :: Linguistics politics

The Language of Gender, Race, and Class Sustains Power Born into the world, Homo Sapiens inherit a mythology through language and ideas justifying their place in that world. Mythology is an invisible mental world that supports the physical world. Language may be an apparatus for surviving experience, but it only gives the individual mental analogies of reality. Language is not value free; language has political power implications inherited from its popular mythology. These political power implications are most accentuated in a society by race, class, and gender archetypes. Though gender shares no apparent attributes with race and class, in mythological terms the archetypes are interrelated. Gender, race, and class archetypes are inherited mythological terms that define an individual?s political relationships. Political relationships are the masterminds initiating the slave minds into operation. Mythology changes the apparent binary master slave relationship into the three different paradigms of gender, race, and class, each archetype having peculiar identifiers for the master slave relationship in the popular American Mythology. A philosopher should examine the language of master slave relationship archetypes, the effects of this language on mythology, and describe how these archetypes effect society, to ascertain why gender is interrelated with race and class. ?In the beginning (arche: beginning, power, rule) was the word (logos: word, speech, story, argument, reasoning).? John 1:1 Language (logos) has constructed a reality based on master slave relationship. In American Mythology the use of the word ?God? signifies a male creator. In this ontology, the female is considered temporal and emotional, and the male is considered divine and rational. Color takes the similar value system, dark is night and is irrational, light is day and rational. Property is a realm of God, more property cumulated, more power of God the individual possesses. In a world that bases power on technology, reason becomes power transferred into property, which survives the individual existence. Language articulates an inherited patriarchal and racial hierarchy based on sex and skin color, with light skin mastering dark skin in social relations, just as an individual masters property or God masters the earth. Hence, the language that builds mythology justifies the master slave relationship.

Whitefield/Wesley & Predestination

John Wesley’s sermon, entitled â€Å"Free Grace† was published in August, 1739. In it he attempted to show how God’s grace is â€Å"free in all and free for all. † His message was strongly directed toward the doctrine of predestination and election, which was held to by many believers in Wesley’s day. He believed that this doctrine was a dangerous one and that it blasphemed the very person and nature of God. In response to Wesley, George Whitefield wrote â€Å"A Letter from George Whitefield to the Rev. John Wesley. Whitefield saw Wesley’s doctrine of â€Å"free grace† as being the one that was blasphemous and dangerous to the faith.He argued that the Bible clearly presents the doctrine of predestination, and that any doctrine that stated otherwise led to the heresy of universalism. The two men had worked together in the ministry for quite some time when these two documents were published. Wesley adopted many evangelical views of Chri stianity when he was converted, but he retained some of his pre-conversion beliefs concerning predestination. When Whitefield left England on a trip, Wesley quickly published his sermon on â€Å"free grace. When Whitefield returned, he was determined to respond and set the record straight. Both of these men presented strong arguments supporting both of their views. It is difficult to compare the two equally, because Whitefield only addresses certain issues in Wesley’s sermon and not it’s entirety. That being said, I believe that George Whitefield’s arguments concerning predestination and soteriology are superior to John Wesley’s due to how he handles Scripture and logical thought. Wesley’s sermon on â€Å"free grace† had six major points.For the purpose of this paper, I have selected for discussion only the points that Whitefield directly addressed in his letter of response. In doing so, I hope to make apparent that Whitefield had a much st ronger argument and a much more biblical understanding of predestination in soteriology. Wesley begins his sermon with a fair and accurate assessment of the possible views a person might hold, concerning predestination. He clearly shows that while many people may say that they only hold to certain parts of the doctrine, they ultimately believe in the whole.He defines the doctrine as, â€Å"As virtue of an eternal, unchangeable, irresistible decree of God, one part of mankind are infallibly saved, and the rest infallibly damned; it being impossible that any of the former should be damned, or that any of the latter should be saved. † This is a very good and biblical definition of predestination, but the implications Wesley draws from it are not. The first error that Wesley concludes is that predestination eliminates the need for evangelism. He says, â€Å"[Preaching] is needless to them that are elected; for they, whether with preaching or without, will infallibly be saved. In other words, if God will unconditionally elect some people, then it is unnecessary for those people to be evangelized. The same goes for the non-elect. If they are to be unconditionally damned to hell, then evangelism will have no effect in saving them. In Predestination Calmly Considered, he says: â€Å"His ministers indeed, as they know not the event of things, may be sincere in offering salvation to all persons, according to their general commission, ‘Go ye into all the world, and preach the gospel to every creature. But how can God or Christ be sincere in sending them with this commission, to offer his grace to all men, if God has not provided such grace for all men, no, not so much as conditionally? † I believe that Whitefield has a much clearer understanding of Scripture when he responds to Wesley’s statement concerning evangelism. He asks, â€Å"Hath not God, who hath appointed salvation for a certain number, appointed also the preaching of the Word as a means to bring them to it? † Whitefield understood that evangelism is the means that God uses to bring His elect to salvation.Whitefield goes on saying, â€Å"Since we do not know who are elect and who are reprobate, we are to preach promiscuously to all. For the Word may be useful, even to the non-elect, in restraining them from much wickedness and sin. † Whitefield could see how beneficial the Word is for both the elect and reprobate. Scripture supports Whitefield on this matter, especially in Romans 10. Paul explains that â€Å"faith comes from hearing, and hearing through the word of Christ,† and earlier he asks, â€Å"How are they to hear without someone preaching? And how are they to preach unless they are sent? The Bible clearly states that the only way that the elect will come to faith in Christ is through evangelism. John Calvin also viewed evangelism and predestination in the same light as Whitefield. He concluded: â€Å"Since we do not know who belo ngs to the number of the predestined and who does not, it befits us so to feel as to wish that all be saved. So it will come about that, whoever we come across, we shall study to make him a sharer of peace†¦ even severe rebuke will be administered like medicine, lest they should perish or cause others to perish. But it will be for God to make it effective in those whom He foreknew and predestined. Calvin would have supported Whitefield’s view of evangelism over Wesley’s for certain. The second point of argument concerns predestination and holiness. Wesley says, â€Å"[Predestination] has a manifest tendency to destroy holiness in general; for it wholly takes away those first motives to follow after it, so frequently proposed in Scripture, the hope of future reward and fear of punishment, the hope of heaven and fear of hell. † According to Wesley, those who hold to the doctrine of predestination do not have the same desire to seek holiness as those who do no t hold to it.He even makes the assertion that followers of predestination are more temperamental, especially when confronted with opposition to their doctrine. I believe that Whitefield has the stronger argument when h simply asks how this can be so? Wesley ultimately presents no proof of his assertions, but instead makes accusations from what Whitefield suspects is an experience of debating men who hold to predestination. Those men must have had a strong religious zeal that Wesley misunderstood as narrow-mindedness and hostility that flowed from their doctrinal beliefs.Wesley explains that it is expected that those who â€Å"contend earnestly for the faith once delivered to the saints† will bring strong opposition to error. Thirdly, Wesley says predestination â€Å"tends to destroy the comfort of religion, the happiness of Christianity. This is evident as to all those who believe themselves to be reprobated, or who only suspect or fear it. † He claims that those who h old to the doctrine of predestination do not have the comfort of the assurance of salvation since they can never be sure if they are one of the elect or not.They will at some point and time become doubtful of their salvation, even when they have the witness of the Holy Spirit. Wesley also claims that many people throughout the world who do not hold to predestination â€Å"enjoy the uninterrupted witness of his Spirit, the continual light of his countenance, from the moment wherein they first believed, for many month or years, to this day. † Once again, I believe that Whitefield tears down Wesley’s argument when he asks, â€Å"How does Mr. Wesley know this, who never believed election? In other words, how could Wesley have understood the heart of a person who believes in predestination if he never believed in the doctrine himself? He presents a selection from the reformers that show how they were holders of predestination and yet still described the Christian life as b eing â€Å"full of sweet, pleasant, unspeakable comfort to godly persons, and such as feel in themselves the working of the Spirit of Christ†¦Ã¢â‚¬  Evidently the heart of the elect is not full of turmoil and despair after all.In response to Wesley’s belief that some people in the world experience uninterrupted assurance, Whitefield asks how he could ever have known such a thing. There is no way that Wesley could have made contact with people all over the world that had these experiences. Whitefield understood that everyone goes through doubts and never as a life-long period of assurance of salvation. Even Jesus Christ experienced times of doubt in the garden, and what greater moment of darkness has ever been experienced than that of His time on the cross, crying, â€Å"My God! My God!Why hast thou forsaken me? † Wesley then asks, â€Å"How uncomfortable a thought is this, that thousands and millions of men, without any preceding offense or fault of theirs, wer e unchangeably doomed to everlasting burnings! † To Wesley, the doctrine of predestination is a terrible one because it condemns men to hell that are undeserving of such punishment. He does not see original sin as being the cause for people’s damnation. In his work, Predestination Calmly Considered, he says, â€Å"Perhaps you will say they are not condemned for actual but for original sin.What do you mean by this term? The sin which that Adam committed in paradise? That this is imputed to all men, I allow†¦But that any will be damned for this alone, I allow not. † Whitefield had a better understanding of this matter. He viewed all men as being deserving of hell due to the imparted sin of Adam’s rebellion in the garden. He charges that if Wesley denies the doctrine of original sin, then he must take on the doctrine of reprobation for whether Wesley believed it or not â€Å"the Word of God abides faithful: ‘The election hath obtained it, and the rest were blinded. † The final issue of debate is over the doctrine of predestination and the Bible. Wesley says, â€Å"[Predestination] hath also a direct and manifest tendency to overthrow the whole Christian Revelation. The point which the wisest of the modern unbelievers most industriously labour to prove, is, that the Christian Revelation is not necessary. † According to Wesley, the Bible is not necessary because the elect would find faith without it since their salvation is decreed by God.This is very similar to his argument concerning predestination and evangelism. Whitefield again has a great answer saying, â€Å"It is only by the Christian revelation that we are acquainted with God’s design of saving his church by the death of his Son. Yea, it is settles in the everlasting covenant that this salvation shall be applied to the elect through the knowledge and faith of him. † He goes on saying that the Bible is a necessity because it is only through S cripture that God’s eternal decrees of salvation take effect.We cannot separate God’s means from His ends or His ends from His means. Wesley then goes on to say that Scripture in light of predestination contradicts itself. He uses the case of â€Å"Jacob have I loved, but Esau I have hated,† as implying that God â€Å"in a literal sense hated Esau, and all the reprobated, from all eternity. † He sees this as a contradiction due to Scripture saying that â€Å"God is love. † He did not view this passage as being a literal hating of the persons of Jacob and Esau, but instead of the temperament within them.In Predestination Calmly Considered, he states, â€Å"According to Scripture [God’s] unchangeableness of affection properly and primarily regards tempers and not persons; and persons only as those tempers found in them. † I believe Whitefield has a better argument since he holds to a more literal interpretation of the Bible without cont radiction. He argues that it is not changing God’s character to love Jacob and hate Esau. He says, â€Å"Might not God, of his own good pleasure, love or show mercy to Jacob and the elect—and yet at the same time do the reprobate no wrong?But you say, â€Å"God is love. † And cannot God be love, unless he shows the same mercy to all? † In the same way, Wesley argues that, in the eyes of the person who holds to predestination, the passage â€Å"I will have mercy on whom I will have mercy† means that God is love only to the elect and not to the non-elect. He says that this is in direct contradiction to Psalm 114:9, saying, â€Å"The Lord is loving unto every man; and his mercy is over all his works. † If God is loving to everyone, then how can He show mercy to only some?Whitefield says that this mercy mentioned is not saving mercy. He is loving to all in that he sends his rain upon the evil and upon the good, but He only sends his saving grace to the elect. He has the right to do this because, as Whitefield puts it, â€Å"[He] is a debtor to none, and has a right to do what he will with his own, and to dispense his favours to what objects he sees fit, merely at his pleasure. † He uses Romans 9:15 and Exodus 33:19 to back up this statement: â€Å"I will have mercy on whom I will have mercy, and I will have compassion on whom I will have compassion. †Overall, Wesley tries to tear down the doctrine of predestination in light of his doctrine of â€Å"free grace. † To Wesley grace is free to every individual person in the world, and it is on the basis of acceptance or rejection of that grace that a person is sent to hell or heaven. He explains the unchangeable decrees of God in light of free grace in Predestination Calmly Considered: â€Å"He has unchangeably decreed to save holy believers, and to condemn obstinate, impenitent unbelievers. † According to Wesley, a person’s eternal destiny li es solely in whether or not he accepts God’s â€Å"free grace. †I believe Whitefield sums Wesley’s argument up well when he states, â€Å"You plainly make salvation depend not on God’s free grace, but on man’s free-will. † If this is the case then like Whitefield said, â€Å"It is more probable Jesus Christ would not have had the satisfaction of seeing the fruit of his death in the eternal salvation of one soul. Our preaching would then be in vain, and all the invitations for people to believe in him would also be in vain. † Both Wesley and Whitefield knew the Scriptures well, but I believe it is Whitefield that truly understood how important election is in the believer’s theology.Wesley tried to use Scripture to back up his points, but his interpretation of passages led him into the territory of universalism. I believe that due to this dangerous direction it is Whitefield who had the correct understanding of predestination and soteriology. On my honor, I have neither given nor taken improper assistance in completing this assignment. Word Count: 2455 ——————————————– [ 1 ]. Ibid. [ 2 ]. Wesley, Predestination Calmly Considered, 268. [ 3 ]. Whitefield, George. â€Å"A Letter from? George Whitefield? to the? Rev. Mr. John Wesley,† 59. [ 4 ]. Ibid. [ 5 ].Calvin, John, Concerning the Eternal Predestination of God, trans. J. K. S. Reid (London: James Clarke and Co. , Limited, 1961), 138. [ 6 ]. Wesley. â€Å"Free Grace,† 117. [ 7 ]. Whitefield. 61. [ 8 ]. Wesley. â€Å"Free Grace,† 119. [ 9 ]. Ibid. [ 10 ]. Whitefield. 62. [ 11 ]. Ibid. [ 12 ]. Wesley. â€Å"Free Grace,† 119. [ 13 ]. Wesley. Predestination†¦, 263. [ 14 ]. Whitefield. 68. [ 15 ]. Wesley. â€Å"Free Grace,† 120. [ 16 ]. Whitefield. 68. [ 17 ]. Wesley. â€Å"Free Grace,† 120. [ 18 ]. Wesley. Predes tination†¦, 279. [ 19 ]. Whitefield. 69. [ 20 ]. Ibid. [ 21 ]. Wesley. Predestination†¦, 279. [ 22 ]. Whitefield. 71. [ 23 ]. Ibid.

Changes- Tupac Shakur Influences on Society Essay

â€Å"We talk a lot about Malcolm X and Martin Luther King Jr. , but it’s time to be like them, as strong as them. They were mortal men like us and every one of us can be like them. I don’t want to be a role model. I just want to be someone who says, this is who I am, this is what I do. I say what’s on my mind. † –Tupac Amaru Shakur (T. I. P). This quote was spoken by one of hip-hop’s most legendary idols, Tupac Shakur. Tupac has become an integral icon of the hip-hop culture and will live on eternally through his dynamic lyrics and poems. Most of Tupac’s raps concerned growing up around violence and hardships in ghettos, and racial inequality in the United States. He experienced many of these factors growing up, especially race related issues. For instance, on October 1991, Tupac was stopped by two officers for allegedly jaywalking. When he responded with a profanity, he was choked and beaten severely (All eyez on me). Tupac’s lyrics always went deep into the meaning of many political and social subjects including violence, and that is what sparked the initial response of his song, â€Å"Changes†. The purpose of this song was to state how everyone knows that racial violence and issues on the streets would never change. It shows how people have to succumb to the fact that there will always be poverty, racism, police brutality and violence in the world. This is reiterated by the lyric, â€Å"Some things will never change†. This song went straight to number one on the charts in many countries in Europe and around the world. This resulted in Tupac gaining a broader and more receptive audience to his controversial lyrics. So imagine if Tupac had used a different method to get his message across, for example, just writing the lyrics without music or creating a photo collage. Not only would the audience change but the message would also be effected by the difference in mediums. Transmediation refers to the process of â€Å"responding to cultural texts in a range of sign systems—art, movement, sculpture, dance, music, multimedia communication, and so on (Reading Online). Leonard Schlain highlights the importance of engaging in transmediation when writing: â€Å"Digital information comes in multiple forms, and students must learn to tell stories not just with words and numbers but also through images, graphics, color, sound, music, and dance. There is a grammar and literacy to each of these forms of communication. Bombarded with a wide variety of images regularly, students need sharp visual-interpretation skills to interact with the media analytically. Each form of communication has its own rules and grammar and should be taught in ways that lead students to be more specific and concise in communicating† (Edutopia). So remediating a text through a different tool ultimately will change the way it is communicated to its audience. For example, imagine the oratory medium that Tupac used to convey his hit song, â€Å"Changes† was instead only a written form of the lyrics. This traditional technology would not only affect the message behind the song but the audience’s acceptance of it. The second way I have communicated this song is visually. I have constructed a collage of what I thought the song was trying to convey. This leaves area for the original message to be interpreted differently among each individual and losing sight of the originality of it. Although these mediums are proper for some texts, I think that Tupac choose the correct form, auditory to communicate his message. I began my remediation process by handwriting the first verse of the song, â€Å"Changes†. By doing this, the audience must then adapt to the new medium. Reading the lyrics of the song instead of hearing it changes the way that it is received. More people are likely to not be introduced to the writing simply because it has been transferred from auditory to written. As a song it has exposure to the wide, variety of people that enjoy listening to music. Written on a piece of paper would affect who has access to read it causing the audience to shift from music lovers to people that just so happen to come in to contact with the text. Since it was originally presented as a song, reading the piece of work takes away the strength of the song, which is portrayed through the powerful voice of Tupac Shakur. When he raps this song, it demands the listener’s attention because of the controversial lines and the way that it is spoken. Most rappers choose to rap about their money and cars while, Tupac used his words to try and make a difference. He bought much needed attention to important issues, such as racism. On the other hand, there is one key benefit to the transmediation of this song. If it originally were only meant to be read, people would be able to focus more on the underlying theme of the song. The audience would not be blurred by the music in the background and could listen to its true meaning. When people think of music, they often associate entertainment with it, causing the artist’s lyrics to be downplayed. Presenting the song so that it is only read can ensure that the reader is affected by the lyrics. Having the lyrics distributed on paper will also help it reach a variety of people. People that may not enjoy listening to rap music, would have the opportunity to judge the lyrics by its context not its genre. Although, remediating the song and presenting the lyrics of it changes the audience, I believe it aids in expressing its meaning. My experience of transforming the song into a collage was harder than I expected. I chose an overall background that pictured Tupac Shakur surrounded by newspaper clippings with headlines such as, â€Å"When Guns Replace Words†. I chose to incorporate this picture because it depicts the gun violence described in the song. Also shown is a picture of police officers fighting off a crowd. This shows their brutality towards the people. Another picture I put into the collage was of people protesting for change. They want to be heard and they demand change. Their way of achieving this is by protesting while Tupac’s way is through this song. While I looked for pictures that matched the song, I also tried to ensure that they expressed the deeper meaning that Tupac was trying to get across. I did not just want to select a picture simply because the word was used in the song. I saw this as a problem because if â€Å"Changes† was an image that is exactly what would happen to the song. People would view the collage differently and the meaning would change. Tupacs’s originality would be gone and the effectiveness of the song would deplete. Of course, the main factors expressed in the song would be understood but the underlying issues discussed may be overlooked. I do believe that there is a risk for leaving a piece open for the public to discuss versus having someone directly state it. Although having the song presented as a collage gives the audience an unlimited amount of ways to interpret it, this is also one of its beneficial factors. When people are able to give their own opinions and thoughts about something, they are able to open their minds to new ideas and theories. Expressed as a collage, the audience is able to give feedback and think about a subject more in depth. A picture is worth a thousand words and therefore, more problems explained in the song are more likely to be unmasked because of an image. While experimenting with these two remediations, I learned some very important things; the way something is communicated changes its audience and affects the overall message. The medium someone chooses to get a message across is a key factor when developing that message. Like I have previously discussed, each medium produces its own strengths and weaknesses. I believe that Tupac Shakur chose the best method to communicate with his audience.

Aristotles Poetics Essays - Narratology, Plot, Free Essays

Aristotle's Poetics Essays - Narratology, Plot, Free Essays Aristotle's Poetics From POETICS Aristotles Poetics is considered the first work of literary criticism in our tradition. The couple of pages in the book mainly describe tragedy from Aristotles point of view. He defines tragedy as being an imitation of an action that is a whole and complete in itself and of a certain magnitude. Aristotle also points out terms such as catharsis, which can be said that is the purification of ones soul. He argues in his Poetics that catharsis is achieved through emotions of pity or fear, which is created in the audience as they witness the tragedy of a character who suffers unjustly, but is not entirely innocent. Then he moves on to describing the main elements of tragedy. Such elements are: plot, character, language, thought, spectacle, and melody. Then he classifies these in three parts, the media, the manner and the objects. The language and melody constitute the media, in which they effect the imitation. Then there is the spectacle, which is the manner, and the remaining three, the plot, character and thought are the objects that are imitated. Aristotle considers the plot to be the most important of these elements. He describes the plot as not being a unity revolving around one man. Instead, he states that many things happen to one man, which may not always go together, to form a unity. At the same time, he says that among the actions that a character performs there are many that may be irrelevant to one another, but yet they form a unified action. Aristotle continues depicting the plot categorizing it in two manners: simple and complex. In a simple plot, a change of fortune takes place without a reversal or recognition. In contrast, in a complex plot, the change of fortune involves recognition or a reversal or both. To understand these ideas better he defines reversal and recognition for us. Reversal or peripety is a change from one circumstance to its exact opposite. Recognition, is a change from ignorance to knowledge leading either to friendship or hostility depending on whether the character is marked with good fortune or bad. There is a phrase used by Aristotle in Poetics, from the machine, which is basically any implausible way of solving complications of the plot. An example would be when Medea escapes from Corinth. Shes solving her situation by escaping in her magic chariot. This from the machine phrase should be employed only for events external to the drama, which lie beyond the range of human knowledge, and which require to be reported or foretold. Lastly, Aristotle explains the importance of the chorus in a tragedy. According to him, it should be regarded as one of the actors. Therefore, the chorus should be integrated into performance and be considered as part of the whole.

The Two Meanings of Apprehend and Apprehension

The Two Meanings of Apprehend and Apprehension The Two Meanings of Apprehend and Apprehension Although spelled in the same way in each case, apprehend can be used to mean two different things. The same is true of apprehension. Get up to speed with how these terms should be used so that you can write with flair and confidence. Apprehend (Understand or Capture) The verb apprehend has two main meanings. The first is to understand or learn something. If we were struggling to understand someone, for instance, we might say: I cannot apprehend your meaning. The second sense of apprehend is to arrest and detain a suspected criminal. When used in this context, the word would appear in a sentence like this: The suspect was apprehended at midnight, carrying the stolen goods. Apprehension (Understanding or Anticipation of Misfortune) One common sense of the noun apprehension corresponds to the first definition of apprehend above, as it refers to understanding something: Your son has good apprehension of algebra. The second meaning of apprehension is anticipation or misfortune, usually characterized by fear or anxiety about the future. When used in this context, it would appear in a sentence like this: Mary was full of apprehension before taking to the stage to perform. Although apprehension can be used to describe apprehending (or capturing) a criminal, it is an unusual term in this context. If you would like more advice about word use, or to have a 500-word sample of your writing proofread for free, get in touch with the professionals at Proofed today!

Divorce amoung educated vs uneducated Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Divorce amoung educated vs uneducated - Essay Example These factors include; infidelity, poor communication, sexual or physical abuse, incompatibility among others. Divorce is a legal process of dissolving marriages through a court of law. Does the level of education act as a recipe for divorce? Who among the educated and uneducated are likely to divorce? This paper is a critique of divorce among the educated and the uneducated. Education is among the key factors that contribute to divorce. As the level of education rises, the rate of divorce declines and vice versa. There are various explanations for such a trend. Traditionally, marriage institution was very much respected as it was a means of acquiring a social status in society. Nowadays, marriage is losing its cultural meaning due to advancement in education and economic problems. People have intimacy before marriage and even bear children out of wedlock thus making marriage to lose meaning (Wilcox). According to General social survey in America, there has cropped up a new marriage model whereby people get married to enjoy life and wealth. The less educated are poor and do not have wealth to share with their spouses hence they turn to divorce. On the other hand, the educated are wealthy and can satisfy their spouses and give them happiness hence reducing divorce. The general social survey conducted a research in the year 2000 and found out that 49% of t he educated proposed tightening marriage laws while 48 % of the uneducated supported the law (Wilcox). Decline in divorce levels can be attributed to the level of education. The educated couples have information about the dangers of early marriages hence take time to marry. They also take long studying therefore they have no time for marriage. The less educated on the other hand, lack sex education and hence get involved in early marriages without knowledge of what marriage encompasses. They also do not go to school thus they get married earlier than their educated counterparts hence raising the chances of